Well, this isn't "primitive" but if you are just getting started and are trying to keep it inexpensive this works pretty good. For the binding of the feathers and the points I use regular Elmers carpenters glue watered down a bit with cotton sewing thread. Paint the glue on, wrap the thread, paint again and then wipe off the excess.
You could try Hot glue to mount your points. Cut off a piece of the hot glue tube, heat it in a spoon, dip the arrowhead in it and then quickly mount it.
That will get you started and won't break your budget.