The nodes are sanded--never had one break at a sanded node before--but they were also from a batch of bamboo bought some time ago, and were noticeably dryier than other shafts I have worked, although I managed to straighten them all without scorching them. Just bought a whole bunch more last night for the "do-overs" These look greener and I hope they will be sturdier.
DC I have made close to 50 bamboo arrows at this point, and I do feel like I am getting better at the straightening part of the process. I think it is more the other things you mentioned that are causing the problem.
As for the false-weak theory--would not the arrow make a loud whacking sound as it hits the bow if it were actually strong and just being kicked wide? I don't recall hearing that last night, but I wasn't really listening for it either.