Many arrows, from East of the Mississippi, that you see in museums are made from split hickory. But the traditional material for the vast majority of NA arrows before contact with Europeans was cane, hardwood foreshaft, and stone tip...especially for war arrows. Hunting arrows were made with the most effective material for the prey in question.
All the cane arrows I've seen are fat end forward. All have foreshafts. About 25% are simply sharpened to a point with no stone tip.
I think the Cherokee used leaf shaped stone arrowheads for hunting and triangular shaped arrowheads for war (just an educated guess). They also used solid wood arrows with fat blunt tips: for birds.