This isa digital library of a number of classic archery works and articles, fascinating, thanks for the link (in old english, f=s)):
"The Perfians made ufe of Arrows for another purpofe. By their affiftance they numbered their troops, and difcovered who had fallen in battle. When they undertook a campaign, each man placed an Arrow, with his name infcribed on it, in a cheft, or box, prepared to receive them, if after the battle, therefore, the king wifhed to be informed who were killed, he gave orders that each man fhould take the Arrow having his name upon it, from the cheft, or box; and when all were drawn belonging to the furvivors, thofe which remained fhewed who were abfent, or dead"